b-Naphthoflavone Induces Oxidative Stress inthe Intertidal Copepod, Tigriopus japonicus

Abstract

b-Naphtoflavone (b-NF) is a flavonoid and enhances oxidative stress in vertebrates with little information from aquatic invertebrates as yet. In this study, we investigated the effects of b-NF on the antioxidant defense systems of the intertidal copepod Tigriopus japonicus. To measure the b-NFtriggered changes in oxidative stress markers, such as intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), glutathione (GSH) concentration, residual glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, T. japonicus were exposed to b-NF (0.5 and 1 mg/L) for 72 h. Significant (P