https://repository.kopri.re.kr/handle/201206/5507 2026-04-04T13:41:47Z https://repository.kopri.re.kr/handle/201206/6254 Title: A climatic control on the accretion of meteoric and super-chondritic iridium-platinum to the Antarctic ice cap Authors: J. Plane; C.F. Boutron; P. Cescon; C. Barbante; P. Gabrielli; J.R. Petit; P.J. Crutzen; C.F. Ferrari; G. Cozzi; Hong, Sung-Min Abstract: Meteoric smoke particles (MSPs) form through the vaporization of meteoroids and the subsequent re-condensation of metallic species in the mesosphere. Recently, iridium and platinum enrichments have been identified in Greenland ice layers and attributed to the fallout of MSPs supplying polar latitudes with cosmic matter during the Holocene. However, the MSP fallout to Antarctica during the Earth's climatic history remains essentially unknown. We have determined iridium and platinum in deep Antarctic ice from Dome C and Vostok dated back to 240 kyrs BP. We find high super-chondritic fluxes during warm periods and low meteoric accretion during glacial times, a pattern that is opposite to any known climatic variation in dust fallout to polar regions. The proposed explanation of this accretion regime is a weaker polar vortex during warm periods, allowing peripheral air masses enriched in volcanic iridium and platinum to penetrate inland to Antarctica. The MSP signal emerges only during cold phases and is four times lower than in the Greenland ice cap where more snow accumulates. This suggests that wet deposition is an important route of cosmic material to the Earth's surface. 2006-01-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.kopri.re.kr/handle/201206/6632 Title: Surface Flux Measurements at King Sejong Station in West Antarctica: Ⅱ. Turbulent exchanges of sensible heat and latent heat in the austral summer of 2002-2003 Authors: Choi, Taejin; Lee, Bang Yong; Kim, Seong-Joong; Hong, Sung-Min; Lee, Hee-Choon Abstract: Turbulent fluxes of sensible heat and latent heat were analyzed at King Sejong station in the austral summer of 2002 (December) and 2003 (January and February). Monthly mean air temperatures of January and February (2.2oC) were similar to those averaged over 1988 to 2001. Precipitation wasless in January and greater in February than those averaged over last 14 years. In December of 2002 and January, there was precipitation primarily when easterly wind blew usually. The frequency of snowfallwas equal to or larger than that of rainfall. In the mean while, precipitation primarily in forms of rainfall occurred with westerly wind in February. In addition, while for easterly wind, temperature and humidity was low, temperature and humidity were high in case of westerly wind. Based on flux footprint,measured flux mainly came from within 300 m with maximum of 40 m upwind, indicating the insignificant role of the sea around the study site. Half-hourly downward short wave radiation amounted up to∼ 1000 Wm-2 and net radiation ranged from -50 to 600 Wm-2. Half-hourly sensible heat flux waspositive at daytime with maximum of ∼ 400 Wm-2, except the 27th and 28th in February of 2003 when it was negative all day despite of positive net radiation at short daytime. Latent heat flux was positive with maximum of ∼ 130 Wm-2. Depending on wind direction, the partitioning of net radiationinto the sum of sensible heat flux and latent heat flux was larger than 0.8, indicating the strong source of the land surface for the atmospheric heating. The daytime averaged Bowen ratio (=sensible heat flux /latent heat flux) was significantly greater than 1, indicating that sensible heat flux was the main source to heat the atmosphere over the site. 2005-01-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.kopri.re.kr/handle/201206/6619 Title: Glacial-interglacial changes in the occurrence of Pb, Cd, Cu and Zn in Vostok Antarctic ice from 240 to 410 kyr BP Authors: C.F. Ferrari; Lee, Khanghyun; G. Capodaglio; Hong, Sung-Min; J.R. Petit; P. Gabrielli; Hur, Soon Do; C. Barbante; C. Boutron; C. Turetta Abstract: Lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) have been measured by Electrothermal Atomic Absorption Spectrometry in various sections of the 3623 m deep ice core drilled at Vostok, in central East Antarctica. The sections were dated from 240 to 410 kyr BP (Marine Isotopic Stages (MIS) 7.5 to 11.3), which corresponds to the 3rd and 4th glacial-interglacial cycles before present. Concentrations are found to have varied greatly during this 170 kyr time period, with high concentration values during the coldest climatic stages such as MIS 8.4 and 10.2 and much lower concentration values during warmer periods, such as the interglacials MIS 7.5, 9.3 and 11.3. Rock and soil dust were the dominant sources for Pb, whatever the period, and for Zn and Cu and possibly Cd during cold climatic stages. The contribution from volcanic emissions was important for Cd during all periods and might have been significant for Cu and Zn during warm periods. 2005-01-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.kopri.re.kr/handle/201206/6017 Title: Trace elements in Vostok Antarctic ice during the last four climatic cycles Authors: P. Gabrielli; P. Cescon; Hur, Soon Do; V.I. Lipenkov; Hong, Sung-Min; J.R. Petit; C.P. Ferrari; C. Barbante; Lee, Khanghyun; F.A.M. Planchon Abstract: Li, Mg, V, Cr, Mn, Co, As, Rb, Sr, Ba and U were determined by inductively coupled plasma sector field mass spectrometry (ICP-SFMS) in various section of the 3623 m Vostok deep Antarctic ice core dated from 4,600 to 240,000 years BP, which corresponds to the last two climatic cycles back to isotopic stage 7.5. Concentrations of all elements were found to be highly variable with low values during interglacial periods and warm interstadials and much higher values during the coldest periods of the last and next to last ice ages. Crustal enrichment factors suggest various sources for the different elements. Rock and soil dust is the dominant source of V, Mn, Rb, Ba and U whatever the period, and of Li, Cr, Co, Sr and As during cold periods. Sea salt aerosol, together with aeolian dust, contributes significantly also to Sr whereas volcanic emissions could provide a significant input of As during interglacial periods. 2005-01-01T00:00:00Z