A Novel SAR Fractal Roughness Modeling of Complex Random Polar Media and Textural Synthesis Based on a Numerical Scattering Distribution Function Processing

Abstract

In this paper, complex random polar media (CRPM) are synthesized by a forward numerical modeling based on the fractal statistical properties of the marginal ice zone (MIZ) in terms of its energy balance under sea state conditions. The proposed modeling was carried out by the parallel processing of a modified JONSWAP directional spectrum function in a 2D hybrid domain. As a novel approach, the scattering formulation has been modified in the form of a two-scale implementation, which is optimized by the product of cosine-power and Gamma PDF. As a result, a composite model of CRPM under different sea state conditions, including wind speed and direction, has been made possible. Due to the high dynamics of CRPM under sea state conditions, the presence of high entropy samples in the form of random roughness fluctuations is inevitable. These highly textured areas not only reduce the ability to resolve fine details but also make the interpretation difficult from a remote sensing point of view. According to the importance of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) in the observation of MIZ and analysis of scattering properties, the spectral distribution modeling of these roughness anomalies and their electromagnetic interactions, along with surface tension synthesis, are presented here. Meanwhile, several objective quality metrics under different sea state conditions have been derived. The results show that the sea state not only changes the spectral components, but also affects their contribution to the roughness fluctuations and texture compositions. In short, this is for the first time that the composite modeling of CRPM based on directional spectrum function under sea state conditions along with electromagnetic interactions investigation and its pertinent texture analysis has been done.