Introduction of PMIP4 Experimental Design for Simulating Quaternary Climates

Abstract

In the Paleoclimate Modeling Intercomparison Project phase 4 (PMIP4), various experiments for quaternary climatic change are being carried out along with the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 6 (CMIP6). With the CMIP6 preindustrial climate experiment (piControl), the equilibrium climate simulations of 6 ka Holocene experiment (midHolocene), 21 ka Last Glacial Maximum experiment (lgm), and 127 ka Last Interglacial experiment (lig127k) experiment, and transient climate simulations of 850-1849 Common Era Last Millennium experiment (past1000), 21-9 ka last deglaciation, and 140-127 ka penultimate deglaciation experiment have been carried out under PMIP4 protocols by several modeling groups. In this technical note, important physical parameters and boundary conditions of these Tier 1 experiments and a list of additional Tier 2 and 3 experiments are summarized.