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Diel diving behavior of breeding gentoo penguins on King George Island in Antarctica

Cited 3 time in wos
Cited 3 time in scopus
Title
Diel diving behavior of breeding gentoo penguins on King George Island in Antarctica
Authors
Lee, Won Young
Kokubun, Nobuo
Jung, Jin-Woo
Chung, Hosung
Kim, Jeong-Hoon
Subject
Cell BiologyZoology
Keywords
Bio-loggingDiving behaviorForaging behaviorGentoo penguin(Pygoscelis papua)Pygoscelis papua
Issue Date
2014
Citation
Lee, Won Young, et al. 2014. "Diel diving behavior of breeding gentoo penguins on King George Island in Antarctica". Animal Cells and Systems, 19(4): 274-281.
Abstract
Many marine birds dive to catch prey in water. The gentoo penguin (Pygoscelis papua), a specialized diving seabird that preys on krill and fish, is distributed from the sub-Antarctic islands to Antarctic regions. Here, we observed the diving behavior of breeding gentoo penguins on King George Island, South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. Using a time?depth recorder, we collected diving depths every second from seven gentoo breeders for 5?21 days during the chick-rearing period and analyzed their diving characteristics. Most dives occurred in shallow water, although the dive efficiency (=bottom duration time/[dive duration + post-dive surface time]) was highest at depths of 30?35 m and decreased as the penguins dove deeper. Gentoo penguins did not dive more frequently during the day than at night, but during nighttime, most dives occurred in shallow water (<20 m) and the dive efficiency was also higher at this time. As penguins repeated their foraging trips, the number of dives, depth of dives, and trip duration did not change significantly. Our results suggest that the diel dive patterns of gentoo penguins might be related to the vertical migration of krill (upward to the surface at night). In addition, we observed that gentoo penguins could perform active diving behavior even at night, possibly aided by civil twilight during the chick-rearing period in Antarctic regions.
DOI
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19768354.2015.1074107
Type
Article
Appears in Collections  
2014-2016, Long-Term Ecological Researches on King George Island to Predict Ecosystem Responses to Climate Change (14-16) / Hong; Soon Gyu (PE14020; PE15020; PE16020)
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