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Comparative morphological study between Cambrian lobopodians and extant tardigrades

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Title
Comparative morphological study between Cambrian lobopodians and extant tardigrades
Other Titles
캄브리아기 엽족동물과 현생 완보동물 간 형태비교연구
Authors
Kim, Ji-Hoon
JIANNI, LIU
Kim, Sanghee
Park, Tae-Yoon S.
Keywords
Cambrian lobopodiaComparative morphological studyEvolutionPhylogenyTardigrade
Issue Date
2018
Citation
Kim, Ji-Hoon, et al. 2018. Comparative morphological study between Cambrian lobopodians and extant tardigrades. 14th International Symposium on Tardigrada. Copenhagen Biocenter. 2018.07.30~2018.08.03.
Abstract
Background: Order Arthrotardigrada includes marine heterotardigrades which have been known to retain more plesiomorphic conditions than the Eutardigrada. Especially, Parastygarctus was considered as the most primitive genus, based on the morphological comparison with a Cambrian lobopodian, Aysheaia pedunculata from the Burgess Shale, Canada, which was one of the two known Cambrian lobopodian until the 1980’s. However, since the 90’s thirteen more Cambrian lobopodian species have been discovered from the Chengjiang, China, which have significantly promoted our knowledge on the Cambrian lobopodian morphology, necessitating novel morphological comparison between tardigrades and the Cambrian lobopodians. Results: We have compared morphological characters between tardigrades and the Cambrian lobopodians. Among several species of Cambrian lobopodians, Aysheaia pedunculata displays six peri-buccal papillae around the mouth opening, which are reminiscent of those of apochelan Milnesium tardigradum. Eutardigrades and the Cambrian lobopodians have terminally-opened mouth which is an important plesiomorphic character of panarthropods, whereas most heterotardigrade show a ventrally-opened mouth. The Cambrian lobopodians had claws at the end of their limbs, lacking digits or toes which are present in heterotardigrades. The Cambrian lobopodians and eutardigrades show lobe-like limbs, while heterotardigrades have telescopic limbs. Presence of circum-oral elements and pharyngeal teeth are plesiomorphic for Ecdysozoa, but only eutardigrades have these structures. In addition, the elongated pharyngeal bulb and parallel piercing stylets of apochelan tardigrade reminds the elongated pharynx and parallel rostral spines of Kerygmachela kierkegaardi respectively. Conclusions: Based on the morphological comparison with the Cambrian lobopodians, it is suggested that eutardigrades retain more plesiomorphic morphologies than heterotardigrades. Particularly, apochelans display many similarities with Cambrian lobopodians.
URI
https://repository.kopri.re.kr/handle/201206/12692
Conference Name
14th International Symposium on Tardigrada
Conference Place
Copenhagen Biocenter
Conference Date
2018.07.30~2018.08.03
Type
Proceeding
Indexed
세미나-학술발표
Appears in Collections  
2017-2018, Phylogenetic elucidation of tardigrades through paleontological comparative research (17-18) / Park, Tae-Yoon S. (PN17140)
2018-2018, Early animal evolution and the primitive Earth system of north Greenland (18-18) / Park, Tae-Yoon S. (PE18160)
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